Publication Ethics

International Interdisciplinary Scientific Journal "Expert" upholds the principles of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and maintains the highest standards of ethical conduct in publishing.
To maintain the publication ethics we strongly believe in strictly following the set guidelines at four different levels to achieve transparency at our level.
1. AUTHORS:
The authors should ensure that their work is entirely original, and if the work of others has been used, it has been appropriately acknowledged at respective places. Plagiarism in all its forms is unacceptable. Submitting the same manuscript to more than one journal concurrently constitutes unethical behavior and should be avoided. The corresponding author should ensure that there is a full consensus of all co-authors in approving the final version of the submitted research paper and its onward submission to the journal for publication.
Responsibilities of Authors:

• Authors should present an accurate account of their data. A paper should contain sufficient detail and references to the work. Fraudulent or inaccurate statements constitute unethical behavior and are unacceptable.
• The authors should ensure that they have submitted their original works, and if the authors have used the work of others, it has been appropriately cited. Plagiarism in all its forms is totally unacceptable.
• An author should not publish manuscripts describing the same research work in more than one journal. Submitting the same manuscript to more than one journal constitutes unethical behavior, which is unacceptable.
• Authorship should be limited to those who have made a significant contribution to the conception, execution, or interpretation of the reported study. All those who have made significant contributions should be reported as co-authors. Where there are others who have participated in certain substantive aspects of the research, they should be acknowledged as contributors. The corresponding author should ensure that all co-authors have seen and approved the final version of the paper and have agreed to its submission for publication.
• When an author notices inaccuracy in their own published work, it is the author’s duty to promptly notify the editor or publisher and cooperate with the editor to retract or correct the paper.

Conflict of Interest Disclosure: Authors must disclose any financial, personal, or professional relationships that could inappropriately influence (or appear to influence) their research or its interpretation. This includes funding sources, employment affiliations, or personal connections. Authors are required to declare these conflicts in their manuscript at the time of submission.
Information about conflicts of interest will be reviewed by the editorial team and published in the final article, typically in the "Acknowledgments" section, to ensure transparency for readers and stakeholders.
Research Ethics for Studies Involving Human Participants: This requirement applies only to publications that involve research with human or animal participants. Studies in other fields, such as economics, management, law, tourism, or theoretical research, do not require ethical approval.
For studies involving human or animal participants, the following requirements must be met:

• The research received approval from a recognized ethics committee, including the name of the committee and reference number.
• Informed consent was obtained from all participants involved in the study.
• Measures were taken to ensure anonymity and privacy of participants, where applicable.

Authors may be asked to provide documentation verifying compliance with these ethical requirements during the review process. Non-compliance with these ethical guidelines will result in the rejection of the manuscript. The editorial board also reserves the right to retract published manuscripts if ethical violations are identified after publication.
2. EDITORS: An editor must not use unpublished information in the editor’s own research without the written consent of the author. Editors should take reasonable responsive measures when ethical complaints have been presented concerning a submitted manuscript or published paper.
Duties of Editors:
The editor is responsible for deciding which of the articles submitted to the journal should be published. The editor may be guided by the policies of the journal’s editorial board and constrained by such legal requirements as shall then be in force regarding libel, copyright infringement and plagiarism. An editor should evaluate manuscripts for their intellectual content without regard to race, gender, sexual orientation, religious belief, citizenship, or political connections of the authors.
The editor must not disclose any information about a submitted manuscript to anyone other than the corresponding author, reviewers, and the publisher.
Unpublished materials disclosed in a submitted manuscript must not be used in an editor’s own research without the consent of the author information obtained through peer review must be kept confidential and not used for personal advantage.
An editor should take measures when ethical complaints have been presented concerning a submitted manuscript or published paper, in conjunction with the publisher. Such measures will generally include contacting the author of the manuscript or paper and giving due consideration to the respective complaint or claims made. If the complaint is upheld, this may result in the publication of a correction, retraction, expression of concern, or other note, as appropriate.
Disclosure of Conflicts of Interest: Editors must disclose any financial, personal, or professional conflicts of interest that could influence their editorial decisions and recuse themselves from handling such manuscripts.
3. REVIEWERS: Reviews should be conducted objectively, and observations should be formulated clearly with supporting arguments, so that authors can use them for improving the paper. Any selected referee who feels unqualified to review the research reported in a manuscript or knows that its prompt review will be impossible should notify the editor. Reviewers should not consider manuscripts in which they have conflicts of interest, or other relationships or connections with any of the authors, companies, or institutions connected to the papers.
Duties of Reviewers:
Peer review process assists the editor in making their final decisions and through the editorial communications with the author also assists in improving the paper.
Any selected referee who feels unqualified to review the research reported in a manuscript should notify the editor and excuse himself from the review process.
All the manuscripts received for peer review process must be treated as confidential.
Reviews should be conducted objectively. Referees should express their views clearly with supporting things.
Reviewers should identify relevant published work that has not been cited by the authors. Any statement reported should be accompanied by the relevant citation. A reviewer should also call to the editor’s attention any substantial similarity or overlap between the manuscript under consideration and any other published paper of which they have personal knowledge.
Unpublished materials disclosed in a submitted manuscript must not be used in a reviewer’s own research without the express written consent of the author. Reviewers should not consider manuscripts in which they have conflicts of interest resulting from competitive, collaborative, or other relationships or connections with any of the authors, companies, or institutions connected to the papers.
Disclosure of Conflicts of Interest: Reviewers must disclose any conflicts of interest, including financial, personal, or professional connections, and recuse themselves if they feel unable to provide an impartial review.
4. PUBLISHER: Plagiarism is considered to be a serious breach of scientific ethics by the entire scientific community. Incidents of plagiarism in a manuscript whether detected, will be dealt seriously. We constantly advise and take suggestions from our editorial Board/Reviewers for avoiding any malpractice of publication ethics.
Additionally, we have established procedures for post-publication discussion, correction, and retraction in accordance with COPE guidelines. We encourage authors, readers, and other stakeholders to engage in post-publication debates through our website's feedback forms, letters to the editor, ensuring transparency and integrity in our publication process.
Transparency and Accessibility: The publisher is committed to ensuring long-term accessibility and preservation of all published content through digital archiving systems.