FUNDING (choose one)
1) This study was funded by [Funder/Project name], [grant/project number], [project title if applicable].
2) Not applicable.
AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS (choose one)
Single-author article:
The author solely contributed to the conceptualization, literature review, analysis/interpretation, and writing of the manuscript.
Multi-author article (example structure):
Conceptualization: A.B., C.D.; Methodology: A.B.; Formal analysis: C.D.; Writing—original draft: A.B.; Writing—review & editing: A.B., C.D. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.
CONFLICTS OF INTEREST (choose one)
1) The author(s) declare(s) no conflicts of interest.
2) Editorial Board member case (single-author version):
The author is a member of the Editorial Board of this journal. The author was not involved in the editorial handling of this manuscript, including reviewer selection, peer review, and the final decision-making process.
3) Editorial Board member case (multi-author version):
[Name] is a member of the Editorial Board of this journal. [He/She] was not involved in the editorial handling of this manuscript, including reviewer selection, peer review, and the final decision-making process. The other author(s) declare(s) no conflicts of interest.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS (choose one)
1) The author(s) would like to thank [names/institutions] for [type of support].
2) Not applicable.
DATA AVAILABILITY (choose one)
1) No new empirical data were created or analyzed in this study. Data sharing is not applicable to this article.
2) The data presented in this study are available on request from the corresponding author.
3) The data are publicly available at: [repository name], [persistent link/DOI], [access conditions if any].
4) Data are not publicly available due to [ethical/legal/privacy/confidentiality/third‑party restrictions], but may be available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request and with permission of the relevant parties (where applicable).
AI USE DISCLOSURE (choose one)
1) No generative AI or AI-assisted technologies were used in the preparation of this manuscript.
2) During the preparation of this manuscript, the author(s) used [Tool name] solely for language editing, grammar correction, and improving the readability of the text. The author(s) remain(s) fully responsible for the accuracy, originality, and integrity of the manuscript and confirm that no generative AI was used to fabricate data, generate scientific results, or produce misleading interpretations.